SAMPLE TEXT FILE
================

A free sample plain-text file from 99helpers.com/file-types/txt
Encoding: UTF-8, no byte order mark. Line endings: LF. Ends with a newline.

Open it in any text editor. Each numbered part below tests one thing
about plain text.


1. NO FORMATTING
----------------
A .txt file holds characters and nothing else: no bold, no fonts, no
colours, no page size. The underline above is just a row of hyphens.
Words like *this* or _this_ are only a convention; they stay as typed.


2. LINE ENDINGS
---------------
Every line in this file ends with one invisible byte, a line feed
(LF, hex 0A), as on Linux and macOS. Windows programs traditionally
write two bytes, carriage return + line feed (CRLF, hex 0D 0A).
If this file shows up as one long line, your editor ignores LF.


3. PARAGRAPHS
-------------
Plain text has no paragraph object. By convention a blank line
separates paragraphs, like the one above this sentence.


4. HARD WRAP AND SOFT WRAP
--------------------------
The lines in parts 1 to 3 are hard-wrapped: a line break was typed
before 72 characters. The next paragraph is a single line of about
400 characters, so your editor either wraps it to fit the window
(soft wrap) or makes you scroll sideways.

This is one long line with no line breaks in it at all. Editors with word wrap switched on fold it at the edge of the window, so it looks like a normal paragraph; with word wrap off it runs far off to the right. Copying it into an email, a form or a terminal shows how each of those handles long lines. Nothing in the file says how wide a line should be, which is why the same text can look different in every program that opens it.


5. TABS AND SPACES
------------------
The two tables below look alike in many editors. The first uses tab
characters (hex 09), the second uses spaces. Change your editor's tab
width and only the first one moves.

Format	Extension	Binary?
PDF	.pdf	yes
Text	.txt	no
Markdown	.md	no

Format    Extension  Binary?
PDF       .pdf       yes
Text      .txt       no
Markdown  .md        no


6. CHARACTERS BEYOND ASCII
--------------------------
ASCII letters take one byte each in UTF-8. Other characters take two,
three or four bytes. If any line below looks garbled (for example
"Café" instead of "Café"), something read this file with the wrong
encoding.

2 bytes each:  é ü ñ ß Ø ç å  Ω π  Ж д
3 bytes each:  € ’ “ ” …  → ✓  中文 日本語 한국어
4 bytes each:  😀 🎉 🍓 𝄞
Right-to-left: مرحبا  שלום


7. INVISIBLE CHARACTERS
-----------------------
Between the next two brackets is a no-break space (U+00A0, bytes
C2 A0), not an ordinary space: [ ]
Search tools that look for a plain space will not match it.


8. THE LAST LINE
----------------
This file ends with a line feed after the final line, as POSIX tools
expect. Some editors show that as an empty line at the end.

--
Free to use for testing, teaching and demos. No attribution needed.